Candy Haws, also known as Tanghulu, are a traditional Chinese snack that has captured the hearts and taste buds of people worldwide. This delightful treat features hawthorn berries coated in a hardened sugar syrup, creating a unique combination of sweet and tart flavors that is both refreshing and addictive. While the basic concept remains consistent, variations exist across different regions and modern interpretations, making Candy Haws a fascinating subject to explore. Let’s delve into the history, preparation, cultural significance, and global appeal of this beloved confection.
A Glimpse into the History of Candy Haws
The history of Candy Haws stretches back centuries, originating during the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279). Legend attributes its creation to a royal physician tasked with treating a concubine of Emperor Guangzong who suffered from a mysterious illness characterized by poor appetite. After traditional medicines proved ineffective, the physician prescribed a combination of hawthorn berries and sugar, which surprisingly restored the concubine’s health. This remedy quickly gained popularity, eventually evolving into the street food we know today as Candy Haws.
The hawthorn berry itself holds significance in traditional Chinese medicine, believed to aid digestion and improve circulation. Coating it in sugar not only made it palatable but also served as a form of preservation, allowing the berries to be enjoyed even out of season.
Over time, Candy Haws transitioned from a medicinal concoction to a popular snack, sold by street vendors throughout China, particularly during winter months. The bright red color of the candied hawthorn berries against the snowy backdrop created a festive and inviting scene.
The Art of Making Authentic Candy Haws
Creating Candy Haws is a relatively simple process, but achieving the perfect balance of sweetness and tartness, along with the desired glossy, crackly sugar coating, requires skill and attention to detail. The primary ingredients are hawthorn berries and sugar, though water is essential for creating the syrup.
First, the hawthorn berries must be thoroughly washed and sorted, removing any blemishes or damaged fruits. The seeds are then carefully extracted, a process often done using a specialized tool or knife. Once the berries are prepared, they are typically skewered onto bamboo sticks, with the number of berries per stick varying according to preference.
The sugar syrup is the crucial element that determines the final texture and flavor of the Candy Haws. It involves heating sugar and water in a pot until the sugar dissolves and the mixture reaches the “hard crack” stage, a point where a drop of the syrup immediately hardens when dropped into cold water. This precise temperature is crucial for achieving the desired crispness and preventing the syrup from becoming sticky or chewy.
Once the syrup reaches the correct consistency, the skewered hawthorn berries are quickly dipped into the hot syrup, ensuring a thin, even coating. The coated berries are then placed on a greased surface or marble slab to cool and harden. As the syrup cools, it forms a shiny, crackly shell around the tart hawthorn berries, creating the signature texture and appearance of Candy Haws.
Regional Variations and Modern Twists
While the traditional Candy Haws features hawthorn berries, variations exist across different regions of China and beyond. Some vendors use other fruits such as strawberries, grapes, cherry tomatoes, or even mandarin orange segments, offering a wider range of flavors and textures.
In some regions, a filling of sweet bean paste or crushed nuts is added to the hawthorn berries before they are coated in sugar, creating a more decadent treat. The sugar syrup itself can also be flavored with ingredients like sesame seeds, osmanthus flowers, or even chili flakes, adding another layer of complexity to the overall flavor profile.
Modern interpretations of Candy Haws have pushed the boundaries even further, with chefs and home cooks experimenting with different types of sugar, such as brown sugar or maple syrup, and incorporating exotic fruits like kiwi, star fruit, and blueberries. Some vendors even offer savory versions, using vegetables like pickled ginger or olives as the base.
The presentation of Candy Haws has also evolved, with some vendors creating elaborate arrangements and decorative displays to attract customers. These artistic creations often feature multiple types of fruits and toppings, making Candy Haws not only a delicious snack but also a visually appealing treat.
Cultural Significance and Symbolism
Candy Haws holds a special place in Chinese culture, particularly during festive occasions such as Chinese New Year and Lantern Festival. The bright red color of the candied hawthorn berries symbolizes good luck, happiness, and prosperity, making them a popular choice for gifting and celebrations.
The round shape of the hawthorn berries is also associated with wholeness and unity, reflecting the importance of family and togetherness in Chinese culture. Sharing Candy Haws with loved ones is seen as a way to strengthen bonds and express affection.
In addition to their symbolic meaning, Candy Haws are also associated with childhood memories and nostalgic feelings for many Chinese people. The sight and taste of Candy Haws often evoke fond recollections of carefree days and festive celebrations spent with family and friends.
The Global Appeal of Candy Haws
In recent years, Candy Haws has gained popularity beyond China, thanks to the increasing globalization of food culture and the rise of social media. Videos and photos of Candy Haws have gone viral on platforms like TikTok and Instagram, introducing this unique snack to a wider audience.
The combination of sweet and tart flavors, along with the appealing texture and visual presentation, has resonated with people of different backgrounds and cultures. Many food bloggers and influencers have showcased Candy Haws in their content, further contributing to its growing popularity.
Candy Haws can now be found in Chinatowns and Asian grocery stores around the world, as well as at food festivals and street markets. Some restaurants have even started incorporating Candy Haws into their desserts and appetizers, adding a touch of Chinese flair to their menus.
The increasing demand for Candy Haws has also led to the emergence of online businesses specializing in the production and distribution of this traditional snack. These businesses often offer a variety of flavors and variations, catering to the diverse preferences of their customers.
Health Benefits of Hawthorn Berries
Beyond its delicious taste and cultural significance, Candy Haws also offers potential health benefits, thanks to the nutritional properties of hawthorn berries. These small fruits are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, which may contribute to overall health and well-being.
Hawthorn berries have been traditionally used in Chinese medicine to support cardiovascular health. Studies have suggested that hawthorn extract may help lower blood pressure, improve blood flow, and reduce cholesterol levels.
The antioxidants in hawthorn berries can help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. Hawthorn berries also contain anti-inflammatory compounds, which may help alleviate symptoms of arthritis and other inflammatory conditions.
The fiber content of hawthorn berries can promote healthy digestion and prevent constipation. Additionally, hawthorn berries are a good source of vitamin C, which supports the immune system and helps protect against infections.
While Candy Haws are a sweet treat, the presence of hawthorn berries provides a nutritional boost compared to other sugary snacks. However, it is important to consume Candy Haws in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Where to Find and Buy Candy Haws
If you’re eager to try Candy Haws for yourself, there are several places where you can find and purchase this delightful snack. Your best bet is to visit a local Chinatown or Asian grocery store. These establishments often carry a variety of imported Chinese snacks, including Candy Haws.
Another option is to check out food festivals and street markets in your area. Many vendors specializing in international cuisine offer Candy Haws, particularly during cultural events and celebrations. Online retailers are also a convenient option for purchasing Candy Haws. Many online stores specialize in Asian snacks and offer a wide selection of Candy Haws in different flavors and variations.
If you’re feeling adventurous, you can even try making your own Candy Haws at home. There are numerous recipes and tutorials available online that guide you through the process step by step. Keep in mind that making Candy Haws requires some patience and attention to detail, but the result is well worth the effort.
Candy Haws Recipe (Simplified)
Here’s a simplified recipe for making Candy Haws at home:
Ingredients:
- 1 pound fresh hawthorn berries
- 1 cup granulated sugar
- 1/2 cup water
- Bamboo skewers
Instructions:
- Wash and dry the hawthorn berries. Remove the seeds using a small knife or a specialized tool.
- Skewer 3-5 berries onto each bamboo stick.
- In a saucepan, combine the sugar and water. Heat over medium heat, stirring until the sugar dissolves.
- Continue heating the syrup without stirring until it reaches the “hard crack” stage (300-310°F or 149-154°C). Use a candy thermometer to monitor the temperature.
- Quickly dip each skewer of hawthorn berries into the hot syrup, ensuring they are evenly coated.
- Place the coated berries on a greased baking sheet or marble slab to cool and harden.
- Once the syrup has hardened completely, the Candy Haws are ready to enjoy.
Conclusion: The Enduring Appeal of Candy Haws
Candy Haws, or Tanghulu, represents more than just a sweet treat; it’s a cultural icon with a rich history and enduring appeal. From its origins as a medicinal remedy to its current status as a globally recognized snack, Candy Haws has captured the hearts and taste buds of people around the world. Its unique combination of sweet and tart flavors, along with its vibrant appearance and cultural significance, makes it a truly special and memorable culinary experience. Whether you’re enjoying it at a festive celebration or simply as a daily indulgence, Candy Haws offers a taste of tradition and a moment of pure delight. As global interest in diverse culinary experiences continues to grow, expect Candy Haws to continue captivating palates and solidifying its position as a beloved international snack.
What exactly are Candy Haws?
Candy Haws, also known as Tanghulu, are a traditional Chinese snack consisting of hawthorns, or other fruits, coated in a hardened sugar syrup. The hawthorns, which are small, tart berries, are skewered and then dipped into a boiling sugar mixture. As the sugar cools, it hardens into a brittle, candy-like shell, creating a delightful sweet and tangy combination.
The treat’s appeal lies in the contrast between the tartness of the fruit and the sweetness of the candy coating. While hawthorns are the most traditional fruit used, variations of Candy Haws can include strawberries, grapes, oranges, kiwi, or even cherry tomatoes, all prepared using the same method of sugar coating and skewering.
What do Candy Haws taste like?
The dominant flavor profile of Candy Haws is a delightful combination of sweet and tart. The hard candy shell provides a burst of sweetness, while the fruit inside offers a refreshing tartness or slight sourness. This contrasting flavor experience is what makes Candy Haws so appealing and addictive to many people.
Beyond the basic sweet and tart, the specific taste can vary depending on the type of fruit used. Hawthorns offer a distinctive tartness, while fruits like strawberries or grapes contribute a sweeter and milder flavor to complement the candy shell. The texture also plays a crucial role, with the crunchy shell contrasting the soft, juicy fruit within.
Where did Candy Haws originate?
Candy Haws, or Tanghulu, originated in China, specifically during the Southern Song Dynasty (1127–1279). Legend has it that the treat was created to cure a sick concubine of Emperor Guangzong of the Song Dynasty. The imperial physician prescribed her to eat hawthorns cooked with sugar, and the treat proved effective, becoming popular throughout the imperial court and eventually the wider population.
From its origins as a medicinal remedy, Candy Haws evolved into a popular street food snack, particularly during winter months in Northern China. Today, Tanghulu remains a beloved traditional treat, enjoyed by people of all ages and found in various forms and flavors throughout China and increasingly around the world.
How are Candy Haws traditionally made?
Traditionally, making Candy Haws involves skewering hawthorns (or other fruits) onto bamboo skewers. A sugar syrup is then prepared by boiling sugar and water together until it reaches the “hard crack” stage. This stage is crucial, as it ensures the sugar will harden into a brittle, glassy shell when cooled.
Once the sugar syrup is ready, the skewered fruits are quickly dipped into the boiling syrup and then immediately removed and placed onto an oiled surface or tray to cool. As the sugar cools rapidly, it hardens around the fruit, creating the iconic candy-coated effect. The entire process requires careful attention to temperature and timing to achieve the perfect balance of sweet and crunchy.
Are Candy Haws healthy?
While Candy Haws contain fruit, which offers some vitamins and antioxidants, they are primarily a sugary treat and should be consumed in moderation. The hard candy shell is made almost entirely of sugar, contributing a significant amount of calories and minimal nutritional value.
The healthiness of Candy Haws depends heavily on the portion size and frequency of consumption. Eating a few Candy Haws occasionally as a treat is unlikely to be detrimental to health, but regularly consuming large quantities can contribute to excessive sugar intake and potential health problems associated with high sugar diets.
What variations of Candy Haws exist?
While hawthorns are the traditional fruit used in Candy Haws, many variations exist using different types of fruit. Popular alternatives include strawberries, grapes, blueberries, kiwi, oranges, and even small cherry tomatoes. These variations cater to different taste preferences and seasonal availability of fruits.
Beyond fruit variations, some modern interpretations of Candy Haws include incorporating different flavors into the sugar syrup, such as sesame seeds, nuts, or even chili flakes for a spicy kick. The basic principle of coating fruit in a hardened sugar shell remains the same, but the possibilities for flavor combinations and ingredient substitutions are endless.
Where can you find Candy Haws?
Candy Haws are commonly found in China, particularly in street food markets and during festivals. In larger cities, you can often find vendors selling Tanghulu year-round. They are also becoming increasingly popular in other countries with significant Chinese communities.
Outside of China, you may be able to find Candy Haws in Chinatowns or at Asian markets. Alternatively, you can try making them at home using online recipes. With the increasing global popularity of Chinese cuisine, Candy Haws are becoming more accessible and easier to find in various parts of the world.
Alden Pierce is a passionate home cook and the creator of Cooking Again. He loves sharing easy recipes, practical cooking tips, and honest kitchen gear reviews to help others enjoy cooking with confidence and creativity. When he’s not in the kitchen, Alden enjoys exploring new cuisines and finding inspiration in everyday meals.